Disputes are a part of life, but not every disagreement needs to end in court. However, if someone has wronged you and informal attempts to resolve the issue haven’t worked, you may wonder: Can I sue them? And should I?
In this beginner’s guide, we’ll explain when to consider suing someone in the UK, how the civil claims process works, and when to seek legal advice. Whether you’re dealing with a contract dispute, unpaid debt, or damage to your property, understanding your rights under civil litigation UK law is the first step toward getting the outcome you deserve.
What Is a Civil Claim?
A civil claim involves a legal disagreement between individuals or organisations, where one party seeks financial compensation or legal remedy, without criminal charges being involved.
Common types of civil claims include:
Unlike criminal cases, civil litigation is focused on restoring loss or enforcing rights, not punishing wrongdoing.
When Should You Consider Suing Someone?
You should consider legal action if:
Speaking with a civil law solicitor early can help you evaluate your case and determine whether legal action is the right step.
1. You’ve Tried Informal Resolution Without Success
Before suing someone, it’s always advisable to try resolving the matter informally. This could include:
- A written notice setting out your complaint, commonly referred to as a Letter Before Action.
- Mediation or negotiation
- Using a complaint procedure (e.g., with a business or housing association)
You’re expected to take reasonable steps to settle the dispute before involving the courts. If these efforts fail, then litigation may be necessary.
2. There’s a Breach of Contract or Agreement
If someone has broken a written or verbal agreement, you may have grounds to sue for damages or enforcement.
Examples include:
- A tradesperson not completing work as agreed
- A business failing to deliver a service or product you paid for
- A former partner breaking the terms of a financial agreement
Contracts form the basis of many civil claims in the UK, and even informal agreements may be legally enforceable.
3. You’ve Suffered a Financial Loss or Injury
If you’ve been injured, lost money, or suffered damage because of someone else’s actions or negligence, you may be entitled to compensation.
This includes:
- Personal injury (e.g., slips, falls, or road accidents)
- Professional negligence (e.g., bad financial advice or poor medical care)
- Property damage caused by others (e.g., neighbours, tenants)
These types of claims often fall under civil litigation and can be brought within specific time limits (typically 3 years for personal injury and 6 years for most contract disputes).
4. Someone Has Harmed Your Reputation
If someone spreads false and damaging information about you — either verbally or in writing — this may be considered defamation.
There are two main types:
- Libel: written defamation (e.g., online posts, emails)
- Slander: spoken defamation
In serious cases, you may be able to sue for loss of reputation, distress, or business damage. However, defamation claims can be complex; always consult a civil law solicitor before proceeding.
5. You Haven’t Been Paid What You’re Owed
Debt recovery is one of the most frequent reasons people turn to civil litigation. If someone owes you money — whether a friend, client, or business — and refuses to pay despite reminders, you can sue to recover the amount.
In England and Wales, claims for unpaid debts under £10,000 usually fall within the Small Claims Court, which is a more streamlined and cost-effective option for resolving these types of disputes.
How the Civil Claims Process Works in the UK
Here’s a simplified version of the civil litigation process:
Time Limits for Civil Claims:
- Contracts – 6 years from breach
- Injury Claims – 3 years from the incident
- Defamation: 1 year from the date of publication
Failing to file within the legal time frame could mean losing your right to pursue compensation. Don’t delay speaking to a solicitor.
Do You Need a Civil Litigation Solicitor?
You’re not legally required to use a solicitor, but working with one offers many benefits:
- Ensures your claim is well-prepared and legally sound
- Helps you avoid delays or procedural mistakes
- Maximises your chances of resolving the dispute successfully.
- Reduces stress by handling complex paperwork and negotiations
At Westwing Solicitors, our civil law solicitor is experienced in resolving disputes efficiently and effectively, whether through settlement or court action.
Conclusion
Taking legal action isn’t easy, but it may be necessary to defend your rights or reclaim your losses.
If you’re unsure whether to take legal action, the best place to start is with expert advice. An experienced solicitor will review your case, outline potential outcomes, and guide you toward the right legal path.
At Westwing Solicitors, we guide clients through every stage of the civil claims process, offering clear advice, practical solutions, and strong legal representation when it matters most.
Need expert advice on a civil claim? Contact Westwing Solicitors today for clear guidance and strong representation.
FAQs: Suing Someone in the UK
Q1: Can I sue someone without a solicitor?
Q2: How much does it cost to sue someone in civil court?
Q3: What if the other person ignores the court judgment?
Q4: Will the case go to trial?
Q5: What’s the difference between civil and criminal law?
